1. Introduction of ISO/SAE 21434 standard for cybersecurity in vehicles
2. Increased use of encryption and secure communication protocols
3. Adoption of over-the-air software updates to address security vulnerabilities
4. Implementation of intrusion detection and prevention systems
5. Use of blockchain technology for secure record keeping and data sharing
6. Increased collaboration between automakers and cybersecurity firms
7. Introduction of privacy regulations like GDPR and CCPA
8. Development of secure hardware components like secure memory chips and processors
9. Adoption of multi-factor authentication and biometric identification
10. Use of artificial intelligence and machine learning for threat detection and response.